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Assignment 1: Write a Review Article About TCP/IP Technologies. Version 0
👤 Author: by shekhdeepgmailcom 2019-10-13 10:14:39 last modified by shekhdeepgmailcom
What is TCP/IP?

Communications between computers on a network is done through protocol suits. The most widely used and most widely available protocol suite is TCP/IP protocol suite. Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) and Internet Protocol (IP) are two distinct computer network protocols. TCP/IP can also be used as a communications protocol in a private network.

How TCP/IP works:


TCP/IP uses the client/server model of communication in which a user or machine (a client) is provided a service (like sending a web-page) by another computer (a server) in the network.

Collectively, the TCP/IP suite of protocols is classified as stateless, which means each client request is considered new because it is unrelated to previous requests. Being stateless frees up network paths so they can be used continuously.

TCP divides a message or file into packets that are transmitted over the internet and then reassembled when they reach their destination.

IP is responsible for the address of each packet so that it gets to the correct destination.

TCP/IP model layers:


TCP/IP functionality is divided into four layers , each of which include specific protocols. The 4 layers are as follows :

  1. Application layer

  2. Transport layer

  3. Network layer

  4. Data-link layer



  • The Application layer: The application layer standardizes data exchange for applications. Protocols include HTTP, FTP, POP3, SMTP, and SNMP (respectively, HyperText Transfer Protocol, File Transfer Protocol, Post Office Protocol Version 3, Simple Mail Transfer Protocol, and Simple Network Time Protocol).

  • The Transport layer: The transport layer handles communications between hosts and is responsible for flow control, reliability, and multiplexing. Protocols include TCP and UDP (User Datagram Protocol).

  • The Network layer: The internet (or networking) layer connects independent networks to transport the packets containing the data across network boundaries. Protocols are IP and ICMP (Internet Control Message Protocol).

  • The Data-link layer: The data-link layer consists of methods and protocols that operate only on a link, which is the network component that interconnects nodes or hosts in the network. Protocols in the layer include Ethernet and ARP (Address Resolution Protocol).


Importance of TCP/IP


TCP/IP is non-proprietary and, as a result, is not controlled by any single company. Therefore, the internet protocol suite can be modified easily. It is compatible with all operating systems, so it can communicate with any other system. The internet protocol suite is also compatible with all types of computer hardware and networks.

TCP/IP is highly scalable and, as a routable protocol, can determine the most efficient path through the network.

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