1. Windows operating system

        This is one of the most widely used systems, developed by Microsoft. It can be used on both laptops and desktops, and Windows XP and Windows 7 are the ones we use most often. But now it's up to Windows 10. Windows USES a GUI in graphical mode, which is much more user-friendly than the way Dos used to require input instructions.

      Features:

     1. Excellent man-machine operation of Windows operating system.

     2. Windows operating system supports a large number of applications.

     3. The Windows operating system supports the hardware well.

2. UNIX operating system

        UNIX was an operating system that emerged in the early 1970s and can be used as a stand-alone operating system as well as a network operating system. UNIX has been widely used as a development platform and desktop operating system, and is now mainly used in engineering applications and scientific computing. This kind of system has no user interface, it is basically installed on the server, using imperative operation.

        Features:

        1. UNIX system is structurally divided into two parts: core program and peripheral program, which are organically combined into a whole. The core part is responsible for the functions of each module within the system, namely, processor and process management, storage management, device management and file system. The characteristics of the core program are well-designed, concise and concise, and only occupy a small amount of space and permanent memory to ensure the efficient operation of the system. The periphery consists of the system's user interface, system utilities, and applications through which the user USES the computer.

        2. UNIX system provides a good user interface, with easy to use, complete functions, clear and flexible, easy to expand and modify the characteristics. UNIX system can be used in two forms: one is the operation command, namely the shell language, which is the interface through which users can interact with the system through the terminal. The other is the user-oriented interface, which provides services to users not only in assembly language but also in C language.

        3. The file system of a UNIX system is a tree. It is composed of the basic file system and several detachable sub-file systems, which can not only enlarge the file storage space, but also facilitate security and confidentiality.

        4. UNIX systems process files, file directories, and devices uniformly. It takes the file as a character stream without any record for sequential or random access, and makes the files, file directories and devices have the same syntax and semantics and the same protection mechanism, which simplifies the system design and is convenient for users to use.

        5. UNIX system contains a very rich language processing programs, utilities and instrumental software for developing software, providing users with a fairly complete software development environment.

        6. The vast majority of programs in UNIX system are programmed in C language, and only about 5% of programs are programmed in assembly language. C language is a high-level programming language, it makes UNIX system easy to understand, modify and extend, and has a very good portability.

        7. UNIX systems also provide simple communication between processes.

3. Linux operating system

        Linux is not only stable, but also open source. Its core firewall components have high performance and simple configuration, which ensures the security of the system. Linux has the characteristics of open source, no copyright, more users in the technical community, etc. Open source allows users to freely tailor, high flexibility, powerful functions, low cost.Especially the embedded network protocol stack in the system, the function of router can be realized after proper configuration.

        Advantages:

        1. Linux is composed of many microkernels, whose source code is completely open source.

        2. Linux inherits the characteristics of Unix and has a very powerful network function. It supports all Internet protocols, including TCP/IPv4, TCP/IPv6 and link-layer topology programs, etc., and can develop the Propranolol protocol stack by taking advantage of the network characteristics of Unix.

        3. Linux system tool chain is complete, simple operation can be configured to a suitable development environment, can simplify the development process, reduce the obstacles in the development of simulation tools, so that the system has strong portability.

4. Mac OS

        Mac OS is an operating system that runs on Apple's Macintosh computers.Mac OS was the first commercially successful graphical user interface (GUI) operating system.Mac system is a graphical operating system based on XNU hybrid kernel, which can not be installed on ordinary PC under normal circumstances.

        Advantage:

        1. Suitable for design and creation.

        2. Mac system is relatively safe.

        3. Bring your own software with you.

        4. It's easy to use.