Improving your reading skills will reduce unnecessary reading time and enable you to read in a more focused and selective manner. You will also be able to increase your levels of understanding and concentration. This guide shows you how to read with greater efficiency and effectiveness by using a range of different reading skills.

1)Reading for study
You already use a range of reading styles in everyday situations. The normal reading style that you might use for reading a novel is to read in detail, focusing on every word in sequence from start to finish. If it is a magazine you are reading, you might flick through the pages to see which articles are of interest. When you look in a telephone directory for a particular name, you purposefully ignore all other entries and focus your attention on spotting the name you want. These everyday reading skills can be applied to your studies.To improve your reading skills you need to:
*have clear reading goals;
*choose the right texts;
*use the right reading style;
*use note taking techniques.

2)Reading goals
Clear reading goals can significantly increase your reading efficiency. Not everything in print will be of use to you. Use reading goals to select and prioritise information according to the task in hand.Reading goals can be:
*an essay or seminar subject;
*a report brief;
*a selected subject area;
*a series of questions about a specific topic.

3)Choosing a text
You will need to assess the text to see if it contains information that is relevant to your reading goals.
Check the date of publication. Is the information up-to-date?
Read the publisher's blurb at the back or inside sleeve for an overview of the content.
Check the contents page for relevant chapters.
Look up references for your topic in the index.
If the text does not seem relevant, discard it.

Once you have selected a text you can use the following techniques of scanning and skimming to help you identify areas for detailed reading.

4)Scanning
Scanning is the technique you might use when reading a telephone directory. You pass your vision speedily over a section of text in order to find particular words or phrases that are relevant to your current task. You can scan:
*the introduction or preface of a text;
*the first or last paragraphs of chapters;
*the concluding or summarising chapter of a text;
*the book index.
5)Skimming

Skimming is the process of speedy reading for general meaning. Let your eyes skip over sentences or phrases which contain detail. Concentrate on identifying the central or main points. Use this technique to:

*pre-view a selection of text prior to detailed reading;
*refresh your understanding of a selection of text following detailed reading.

6)Detailed reading and note taking
*underlining and highlighting to pick out what seem to you the most central or important words and phrases. Do this in your own copy of texts or on photocopies - never on borrowed texts;
*keywords to record the main headings as you read. Use one or two keywords for each main point. Keywords can be used when you don't want to mark the text;
*questions to encourage you to take an active approach to your reading. Record your questions as you read. They can also be used as prompts for follow up work;
*summaries to check you have understood what you have read. Pause after a section of text and put what you have read in your own words. Skim over the text to check the accuracy of your summary, filling in any significant gaps.