yle="text-align: left;">Advantages of binary number (0,1).

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   Binary devices are Simple and easy to build

   
   

   
   

   An on/off switch is simple and easy to build. An on/off switch moves two pieces of metal together or moves them apart. A light dimmer must gradually and smoothly change the current that reaches the light. It has more components that an on/off switch and must be carefully assembled. An accurate dimmer (where 25% means exactly 25%) is even harder to build.

   
   

   The same is true for the tiny devices inside of a silicon chip. On/off switches are relatively easy to fabricate. The devices are cheap, small, and reliable, and millions of them fit into a small area.

   
   

   
   

   
   


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   Binary signals are Unambiguous (which gives them noise immunity)

   
   

   
   

   It is easy to look at a digital signal that is only supposed to be on or off and decide which it is supposed to be. Even if there is a bit of noise, we should be able to clearly tell what the signal is supposed to be.

   
   

   
   

   
   

   
   

   3. Anything that can be represented with some sort of pattern can be represented with a binary pattern

   
   

   
   

   It might seem hard right now to imagine how we could represent things as diverse as numbers, music, images and text can all be represented by just “on” and “off”. But we will learn tricks for converting anything that can be represented as any kind of pattern using just these two values.

   
   

   Difference of character and integer representation

   
   

   
   

   
   A code book is applied to letters to map numbers into characters. The computer deals only with registers full of binary patterns which can be interpreted in absolutely any way you wish according to a code book. For example, if I designed a computer form the ground up, I might decide to state that the pattern 0011011010101110 means 'a' if we want to interpret it as a character. Or I could use 0000000000 for 'a' and 0000000001 for 'b'. In the end, how these patterns are interpreted depends not only on the code book, but on context. The same pattern can mean, a number, a character, a program counter, a microcode instruction or that it turns on a light and so on. This all depends on context. In fact, a lot of malware and malicious exploits take advantage of an ability to trick a computer into using the wrong context and so, for example, execute text as if it was a program.
   
   For historical reasons, the ASCII codes have had a popular run. These days, this is extended to Unicode to accomodate a huge range of characters for many languages in an extensible way. Unicode demands that someone who exports the codes to the world outside the program should communicate also, which Unicode scheme was used. The receiver then, can use this information to get at the correct one of potentially many code books. You might have seen sometimes a little box in place of certain characters. This happens when the wrong Unicode was used to interpret the data.
   
   For what it's worth, Unicode called UTF8 is quite common but by no means suitable for everything.