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Early computer systems allowed only one program to be executed at a time,and this program had complete control of the system and had access to all the system's resources. In contrast,current-day computer system allow multiple programs to be loaded into memory and executed concurrently. This evolution required firmer control and more compartmentalization of the various programs,and these needs resulted in the notion of process, which is a program in executive. A question that arises in discussing oprating systems involves what to call all the CPU activities.A batch system executes jobs, whereas a time-shared system has user program.Even on a single-user system,a user may be able to run several programs at one time:a word processor,a web browser,and an e-mail package.Even if the user can execute only one program at a time,the operating system may need to support its own internal programmed activities,such as memory management.In many respects,all these activities are similar,so we call all of them processes.
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> Computer and Education > courses > university courses > undergraduate courses > Operating System > CLASS (2016-2017-1)-62903-06102-1 > huanglican > Why we introduce the concept of "process" > >
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